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    HF propagation is likely to be near normal through at least midday Thursday March 14th by Frank Donovan, W3LPL
    __________________________________________________ _____________

    My propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

    The 2200Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 127 and is likely to remain about the same through Thursday.

    SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 70 and is likely to remain about the same through Thursday,
    https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

    The visible solar disk has one large and three very small active regions containing 27 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 190 micro solar hemispheres (about the same as the surface area of the Earth).
    http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

    Solar wind speed is likely to decline to less than 400 km/second on Tuesday, gradually rising to about 400 km/second or more by midday Thursday.

    Geomagnetic activity is likely to be mostly quiet through midday Thursday.

    There is a slight chance of isolated minor daytime radio blackouts caused by occasional M-class solar flares through Thursday.

    160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Thursday.

    40 meter short path propagation from North America to south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be near normal through Thursday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0830Z is likely to be near normal through Thursday.

    30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be near normal through at least midday Thursday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

    20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be near normal through at least midday Thursday.

    17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be near normal through at least midday Thursday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be near normal through Thursday.

    12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be near normal through at least midday Thursday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be near normal through Thursday

    There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation path may be skewed towards the east. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2100-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

    Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

    Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 58 minutes earlier and sunset is 84 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

    We are in the equinox season when disturbed geomagnetic days are almost twice as likely and longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.

    Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

    SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

    The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1800, 2000 and 2200Z at:
    http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

    SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

    The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

    The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
    https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

    The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at: https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

    N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
    www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

    KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
    https://prop.kc2g.com

    SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
    http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

    SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

    GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
    https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

    SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at: www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

    The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at: www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

    Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at: http://dx.qsl.net/propagation
    73 Al 4L5A

    Comment

    •  

      HF propagation is likely to be mostly normal with a chance that propagation crossing high latitudes may be mildly degraded after midday Thursday March 14th by Frank Donovan, W3LPL
      __________________________________________________ _____________

      My propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

      The 2200Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 131 and is likely to remain about the same through Thursday.

      SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 82 and is likely to remain about the same through Thursday,
      https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

      The visible solar disk has one large and three very small active regions containing 27 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 190 micro solar hemispheres (about the same as the surface area of the Earth).
      http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

      Solar wind speed is likely to remain above 400 km/second gradually rising above 450 km/second after midday Thursday due to coronal hole high speed stream effects and a chance of a grazing CME.

      Geomagnetic activity is likely to be mostly quiet degrading to quiet to unsettled with a slight chance of a brief minor geomagnetic storm after midday Thursday due to coronal hole high speed stream effects and a chance of a grazing CME.

      There is a slight chance of isolated minor daytime radio blackouts caused by occasional M-class solar flares through Thursday.

      160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Thursday.

      40 meter short path propagation from North America to south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be mostly normal on Wednesday with a chance of mild degradation on Thursday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0830Z is likely to be mostly normal through Thursday.

      30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mostly normal with a chance of mild degradation after midday Thursday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

      20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mostly normal with a chance of mild degradation after midday Thursday

      17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mostly normal with a chance of mild degradation after midday Thursday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mostly normal through Thursday.

      12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be mostly normal with a chance of mild degradation after midday Thursday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mostly normal through Thursday

      There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation path may be skewed towards the east. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2100-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

      Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

      Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 60 minutes earlier and sunset is 85 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

      We are in the equinox season when disturbed geomagnetic days are almost twice as likely and longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.

      Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

      SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

      The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1800, 2000 and 2200Z at:
      http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

      SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

      The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

      The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
      https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

      The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at: https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

      N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
      www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

      KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
      https://prop.kc2g.com

      SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
      http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

      SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

      GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
      https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

      SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at: www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

      The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at: www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

      Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at: http://dx.qsl.net/propagation
      73 Al 4L5A

      Comment

      •  

        HF propagation at low and mid latitudes is likely to be mostly normal through Friday. Propagation crossing high latitudes is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded though midday Thursday improving to mostly normal through Friday March 15th by Frank Donovan, W3LPL
        __________________________________________________ _____________

        My propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

        The 2200Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 131 and is likely to remain about the same through Friday.

        SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 80 and is likely to remain about the same through Friday,
        https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

        The visible solar disk has one large, one small and three very small active regions containing 18 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 320 micro solar hemispheres (about 1.6 times the surface area of the Earth).
        http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

        Solar wind speed is likely to remain above 400 km/second gradually rising above 450 km/second by midday Friday due to coronal hole high speed stream effects and a chance of a grazing CME.

        Geomagnetic activity is likely to be quiet to unsettled through Friday. There is a chance of isolated active geomagnetic activity through midday Thursday due to coronal hole high speed stream effects and a chance of a grazing CME.

        There is a slight chance of isolated minor daytime radio blackouts caused by occasional M-class solar flares through Friday.

        160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Friday.

        40 meter short path propagation from North America to the middle east and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be mostly normal through Friday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded on Thursday improving to mostly normal on Friday.

        30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday improving to mostly normal through Friday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

        20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday improving to mostly normal through Friday.

        17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday improving to mostly normal through Friday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded on Thursday improving to mostly normal on Friday,

        12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday improving to mostly normal through Friday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded on Thursday improving to mostly normal on Friday,

        There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation path may be skewed towards the east. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2100-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

        Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

        Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 62 minutes earlier and sunset is 86 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

        We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days are almost twice as likely and disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.

        Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

        SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

        The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1800, 2000 and 2200Z at:
        http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

        SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

        The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

        The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
        https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated
        The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at: https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

        N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
        www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

        KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
        https://prop.kc2g.com

        SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
        http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

        SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

        GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
        https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

        SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at: www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

        The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at: www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

        Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at: http://dx.qsl.net/propagation
        73 Al 4L5A

        Comment

        •  

          Propagation crossing high latitudes is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded improving to mostly normal by midday Saturday. Propagation crossing low and mid latitudes is likely to be mostly normal through Sunday March 15th by Frank Donovan, W3LPL

          My propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

          The 2200Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 127 and is likely to remain about the same through Sunday.

          SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 69 and is likely to remain about the same through Sunday,
          https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

          The visible solar disk has two small and five very small active regions containing 28 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 240 micro solar hemispheres (about 25% larger than the surface area of the Earth).
          http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

          Solar wind speed is likely to remain above 450 km/second through midday Saturday due to coronal hole high speed stream effects and a chance of a grazing CME, improving to about 400 km/second or less after midday Saturday.

          Geomagnetic activity is likely to be quiet to active with occasional minor geomagnetic storm conditions on Friday due to coronal hole high speed stream effects and a grazing CME. Mostly quiet to unsettled geomagnetic conditions are likely on Saturday improving to mostly quiet on Sunday.

          There is a slight chance of isolated minor daytime radio blackouts caused by occasional M-class solar flares through Sunday.

          160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Sunday.

          40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be moderately to mildly disturbed on Friday then improving to mostly normal through Sunday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be moderately disturbed on Friday then improving to mostly normal through Sunday.

          30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be moderately to mildly disturbed on Friday, then improving to mostly normal through Sunday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

          20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be moderately to mildly disturbed on Friday then improving to mostly normal through Sunday.

          17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to mildly to moderately to mildly disturbed on Friday then improving to mostly normal through Sunday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly disturbed on Friday then improving to be mostly normal through Sunday.

          12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be moderately to mildly disturbed on Friday then improving to mostly normal through Sunday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly to be mildly disturbed on Friday then improving to mostly normal through Sunday,

          There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation path may be skewed towards the east. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2100-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

          Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

          Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 65 minutes earlier and sunset is 88 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

          We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.

          73 Al 4L5A

          Comment

          •  

            Some of the best HF propagation of Solar Cycle 25 is likely through midday Wednesday March 20th by Frank Donovan, W3LPL
            __________________________________________________ _____________

            My propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

            The 2200Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 155 and is likely to remain about the same through Wednesday.

            SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 84 and is likely to remain about the same through Wednesday.
            https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

            The visible solar disk has one large, one small and four very small active regions containing 26 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 290 micro solar hemispheres (about 50% larger than the surface area of the Earth).
            http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

            Solar wind speed is likely to decline to about 300 km/second or less through midday Wednesday when there is a chance increased solar wind speed caused by a glancing blow by a CME.

            Geomagnetic activity is likely to be quiet through midday Wednesday when there is a chance of increased geomagnetic activity caused by a glancing blow by a CME.

            There is a slight chance of isolated minor daytime radio blackouts caused by occasional M-class solar flares through Tuesday.

            160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday.

            40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be normal through Tuesday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be mostly normal through Wednesday.

            30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

            20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday.

            17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be normal through Wednesday.

            12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly to be normal through Wednesday

            There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation path may be skewed towards the east. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2000-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

            Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

            Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 68 minutes earlier and sunset is 90 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

            We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.

            Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

            SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

            The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1700, 2100 and 2300Z at:
            http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

            SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

            The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

            The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
            https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

            The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

            N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
            www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

            KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
            https://prop.kc2g.com

            SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
            http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

            SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

            GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
            https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

            SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at
            www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

            The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at
            www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

            Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at
            http://dx.qsl.net/propagation and www.solarham.net
            73 Al 4L5A

            Comment

            •  

              The March 19th W3LPL propagation forecast was derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

              The 2200Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 168 and is likely to remain about the same through Wednesday.

              SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 126 and is likely to remain about the same through Wednesday.
              https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

              The visible solar disk has three large, two small and two very small active regions containing 57 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 580 micro solar hemispheres (about three times the surface area of the Earth).
              http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

              Solar wind speed is likely to remain below 400 km/second through midday Wednesday when weak CME arrival is likely to increase solar wind speed to above 400 km/second through Thursday

              Geomagnetic activity is likely to be quiet through midday Wednesday. Arrival of a weak CME is likely to increase geomagnetic activity to unsettled to active by midday Wednesday. There is a chance of a minor geomagnetic storm if the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) turns southward (-Bz) late Wednesday.

              We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.
              earthsky.org/sun/aurora-season-auroras-equinox-connection

              There is a chance of minor daytime radio blackouts caused by M-class solar flares through Wednesday.

              160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Wednesday.

              40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be normal on Tuesday mildly degrading to mostly normal on Wednesday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be normal through Wednesday.

              30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal, mildly degrading to mostly normal after midday Wednesday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

              20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal, mildly degrading to mostly normal after midday Wednesday.

              17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal, mildly degrading to mostly normal after midday Wednesday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be normal through Wednesday.

              12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be normal, mildly degrading to mostly normal after midday Wednesday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be normal through Wednesday.

              There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation may be skewed towards the equator. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2000-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

              Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

              Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 70 minutes earlier and sunset is 92 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

              The EarthSky Sun News is published daily at
              earthsky.org/sun/sun-news-activity-solar-flare-cme-aurora-updates

              Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at
              https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

              SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at
              www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

              The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1700, 2100 and 2300Z at:
              http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

              SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at
              https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

              The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at
              https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

              The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
              https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

              The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at
              https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

              N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
              www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

              KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
              https://prop.kc2g.com

              SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
              http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

              SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

              GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
              https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

              SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at
              www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

              The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at
              www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

              Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at
              http://dx.qsl.net/propagation and www.solarham.net
              73 Al 4L5A

              Comment

              •  

                The March 20th W3LPL propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

                The 2300Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 167 and is likely to remain about the same through Thursday.

                SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 126 and is likely to remain about the same through Thursday.
                https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                The visible solar disk has two large, two small and three very small active regions containing 69 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 680 micro solar hemispheres (about three times the surface area of the Earth).
                http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

                Solar wind speed is likely to remain below 400 km/second through
                midday Wednesday when arrival of a weak CME is likely to
                increase solar wind speed to above 400 km/second through Thursday.

                Geomagnetic activity is likely to be mostly quiet through midday Wednesday when arrival of a weak CME is likely to increase geomagnetic activity to unsettled to active through midday Thursday. There is a chance of one or more minor geomagnetic storms if the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) turns southward (-Bz) between late Wednesday and midday Thursday.

                We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days and auroras are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.
                earthsky.org/sun/aurora-season-auroras-equinox-connection

                There is a chance of minor to moderate daytime radio blackouts caused by M-class and X-class solar flares through Thursday.

                160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Thursday.

                40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be mildly to moderately degraded on Wednesday improving to normal on Thursday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be normal on Wednesday and mildly to moderately degraded on Thursday.

                30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday, mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday then gradually improving to normal by late Thursday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

                20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday, mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday then gradually improving to normal by late Thursday.

                17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday, mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday then gradually improving to normal by late Thursday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be normal on Wednesday and mildly to moderately degraded on Thursday,

                12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be normal through midday Wednesday, mildly to moderately degraded through midday Thursday then gradually improving to normal by late Thursday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be normal on Wednesday and mildly to moderately degraded on Thursday,

                There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation may be skewed towards the equator. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from mid-latitude US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a slight chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from mid-latitude U.S. states to South America from about 2000-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the mid-latitude US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

                Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the effects of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

                Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 72 minutes earlier and sunset is 92 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

                The EarthSky Sun News is published daily at
                earthsky.org/sun/sun-news-activity-solar-flare-cme-aurora-updates

                Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at
                https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

                SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1700, 2100 and 2300Z at:
                http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

                SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

                The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

                The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
                https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

                The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at
                https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

                N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
                www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

                KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
                https://prop.kc2g.com

                SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
                http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

                SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

                GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
                https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

                SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at
                www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

                The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at
                www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

                Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at
                http://dx.qsl.net/propagation and www.solarham.net
                73 Al 4L5A

                Comment

                •  

                  The March 21st W3LPL propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX.
                  All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

                  The 2300Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 181 and is likely to remain about the same through Saturday.

                  SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 174 and is likely to remain about the same through Saturday.
                  https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                  The visible solar disk has one very large, one large, three small and two very small active regions containing 50 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 730 micro solar hemispheres (about four times the surface area of the Earth).
                  http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

                  Solar wind speed is likely to remain below 400 km/second through Saturday.

                  There is a chance that geomagnetic activity may be unsettled to active through late Thursday due to possible influence of a grazing weak CME and a slight chance that a minor geomagnetic storm may be triggered if the north-south component the interplanetary magnetic field is oriented southward during influence of a grazing weak CME. If CME influence is minimal, geomagnetic activity is likely to be mostly quiet to unsettled on Thursday. Geomagnetic activity is likely to be quiet on Friday and Saturday.

                  We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days and auroras are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.
                  earthsky.org/sun/aurora-season-auroras-equinox-connection

                  There is a chance of minor to moderate daytime radio blackouts caused by M-class solar flares and a slight chance of a strong radio blackout caused by an X-class solar flare through Saturday.

                  160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Saturday.

                  40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be normal through Saturday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be normal through Saturday but there is slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due possible influence of a grazing weak CME.

                  30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be to be normal through Saturday but there is a slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due to possible influence of a grazing weak CME. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

                  20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be to be normal through Saturday but there is a slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due to possible influence of a grazing weak CME.

                  17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be to be normal through Saturday but there is a slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due to possible influence of a grazing weak CME. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be to be normal through Saturday but there is slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due to possible influence of a grazing weak CME.

                  12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be normal through Saturday but there is a slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due possible influence of a grazing weak CME. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be normal through Saturday but there is a slight chance of mild degradation on Thursday due to possible influence of a grazing weak CME.

                  There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation may be skewed towards the equator. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from the southern tier of US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from the southern tier of U.S. states to South America from about 2000-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the southern tier of US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a very slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

                  Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the influence of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the influence of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

                  Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is 74 minutes earlier and sunset is 93 minutes later than it was on December 21st. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

                  The EarthSky Sun News is published daily at
                  earthsky.org/sun/sun-news-activity-solar-flare-cme-aurora-updates

                  Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at
                  https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

                  SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated continuously at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                  The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1700, 2100 and 2300Z at:
                  http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

                  SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

                  The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

                  The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
                  https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated
                  The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at
                  https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

                  N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
                  www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

                  KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
                  https://prop.kc2g.com

                  SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
                  http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

                  SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

                  GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
                  https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...index-forecast

                  SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at
                  www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

                  The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at
                  www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

                  Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at
                  http://dx.qsl.net/propagation and www.solarham.net
                  _._,_._,_
                  73 Al 4L5A

                  Comment

                  •  

                    HF propagation is likely to be mostly normal but propagation crossing high latitudes is likely to be mildly degraded after about 1200Z Sunday March 24th.
                    __________________________________________________ _____________

                    The March 22nd W3LPL propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

                    The 2300Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 189 and is likely to remain mostly unchanged through Sunday.

                    SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 158 and is likely to remain mostly unchanged through Sunday.
                    https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                    The visible solar disk has one very large, four large, two small and two very small active regions containing 51 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 1060 micro solar hemispheres (about five times the surface area of the Earth).
                    http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

                    Solar wind speed is likely to remain below about 350 km/second through about 1200Z Sunday, then gradually rising above about 400 km/second due to coronal hole high speed stream effects.

                    Geomagnetic activity is likely to be unsettled through about 1200Z Friday, then improving to mostly quiet through about 1200Z Sunday when unsettled to active geomagnetic activity is likely due to coronal hole high speed stream effects.

                    We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days and auroras are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.
                    earthsky.org/sun/aurora-season-auroras-equinox-connection

                    There is a chance of minor to moderate daytime radio blackouts caused by M-class solar flares through Sunday.

                    160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be normal through Sunday.

                    40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be mostly normal through Saturday and mildly degraded on Sunday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be mostly normal through Sunday.

                    30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be to be mostly normal then becoming mildly degraded after about 1200Z Sunday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

                    20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be to be mostly normal then becoming mildly degraded after about 1200Z Sunday.

                    17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mostly normal then becoming mildly degraded after about 1200Z Sunday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly degraded on Friday, mostly normal on Saturday and mildly degraded on Sunday.

                    12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be mostly normal then becoming mildly degraded after about 1200Z Sunday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mildly degraded on Friday, mostly normal on Saturday and mildly degraded on Sunday.

                    There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation may be skewed towards the equator. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from the southern tier of US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from the southern tier of U.S. states to South America from about 2000-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the southern tier of US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from late afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

                    Southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas for several hours coincident with the influence of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF persists in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength mildly stronger than 5 nanoteslas for a prolonged period of at least a few hours coincident with the influence of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed exceeding 500 km/second.

                    Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is two minutes earlier and sunset is one minute later than it was on March 20th. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

                    The EarthSky Sun News is published daily at
                    earthsky.org/sun/sun-news-activity-solar-flare-cme-aurora-updates

                    Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at
                    https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

                    SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated frequently at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                    The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1700, 2100 and 2300Z at:
                    http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

                    SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

                    The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

                    The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
                    https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

                    The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at
                    https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

                    N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
                    www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

                    KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
                    https://prop.kc2g.com

                    SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
                    http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

                    SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

                    GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
                    https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...ecast-kp-index

                    SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at
                    www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

                    The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at
                    www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

                    Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at
                    http://dx.qsl.net/propagation and www.solarham.net
                    73 Al 4L5A

                    Comment

                    •  

                      Propagation crossing mid and low latitudes is likely to mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals through midday Tuesday. Propagation crossing high latitudes is likely to be mostly below normal gradually improving after midday Tuesday
                      __________________________________________________ _____________

                      The March 25th W3LPL propagation forecast derived from today's NOAA/SWPC web pages and 15 other online sources (the URLs at the end of this forecast) is published five days a week (M-F) in The Daily DX. All days and times in this forecast are in UTC (Zulu) time.

                      The 2300Z Penticton 10.7 cm observed solar flux index was 197 and is likely to remain mostly unchanged through Tuesday.

                      SILSO’s latest Estimated International Sunspot Number was 165 and is likely to remain mostly unchanged through Tuesday.
                      https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                      The visible solar disk has one very large, two large, two small and two very small active regions containing 75 sunspots with a total sunspot area of 1250 micro solar hemispheres (about six times the surface area of the Earth).
                      http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...tions/solarmap

                      Solar wind speed is likely to remain below about 700 km/second gradually declining to less than 500 km/second by 1200Z Tuesday due to moderating CME and coronal hole high speed stream effects.

                      There is a chance of minor geomagnetic storms through midday Monday and slight change of a moderate geomagnetic storm through about 0900Z Monday. Geomagnetic activity is likely to moderate to mostly unsettled to active from midday Monday through midday Tuesday. There is a chance of a brief minor geomagnetic storm early Tuesday. Geomagnetic activity is likely to significantly moderate to quiet to unsettled after midday Tuesday.

                      We are in the equinox season when geomagnetically disturbed days and auroras are almost twice as likely and geomagnetic disturbances are longer in duration than during the solstice seasons.
                      earthsky.org/sun/aurora-season-auroras-equinox-connection

                      Minor to moderate daytime radio blackouts caused by M-class solar flares are expected through Tuesday. There is a chance of strong daytime radio blackouts caused by X-class solar flares through Tuesday.

                      Highly energetic charged particles originating in very large solar region 3615 accelerated to speeds approaching 100,000 km/second are expected to produce minor or greater solar radiation storms causing below normal propagation crossing polar regions on Monday slightly improving to mostly below normal on Tuesday.

                      160 and 80 meter propagation from North America to VK/ZL and the South Pacific is likely to be mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals on Monday and mostly normal on Tuesday.

                      40 meter short path propagation from North America to the Middle East and south Asia after about 2300Z is likely to be mostly normal through Tuesday. Short path propagation between North America and east Asia after about 0900Z is likely to be mostly below normal on Monday improving to mostly normal on Tuesday.

                      30 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mostly below normal improving to mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals from midday Monday though Tuesday. 30 meter propagation is always mildly to moderately degraded within several hours of local noon by E-region blanketing of long distance low angle F2 propagation.

                      20 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be is likely to be mostly below normal improving to mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals from midday Monday though Tuesday.

                      17 and 15 meter propagation crossing the auroral ovals and polar regions is likely to be mostly below normal improving to mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals from midday Monday though Tuesday. 17 and 15 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mostly below normal on Monday improving mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals on Tuesday

                      12 and 10 meter long distance propagation is likely to be mostly below normal improving to mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals from midday Monday though Tuesday. 12 and 10 meter long path propagation from North America to southeast and east Asia from about 1200Z to 1400Z is likely to be mostly below normal on Monday improving mostly normal with a chance of below normal intervals on Tuesday.

                      There is a very slight chance of brief, isolated, geographically focused 6 meter above-the-MUF trans-Atlantic F2 propagation from about 1400-1600Z between mid-latitude U.S states and western Europe, this propagation may be skewed towards the equator. There is a very slight chance of brief geographically focused 6 meter F2 propagation enhanced by TEP over Africa from the southern tier of US states to the Indian Ocean, equatorial and southern Africa (e.g., 3B8. 3B9, 7Q, D2, FR, V5, ZD7 and ZS) from about 1400-1800Z. There is a chance of F2 trans-equatorial propagation (TEP) from the southern tier of U.S. states to South America from about 2000-0200Z. There is a very slight chance of above-the-MUF F2 propagation enhanced by oblique-TEP from the southern tier of US states to the south Pacific (e.g., 5W, E5, FK, ZL7 and VK/ZL) from about 2100-0100Z. There is a slight chance that more northerly U.S. stations may couple into TEP and oblique-TEP via geographically focused brief intervals of above-the-MUF F2 propagation. TEP may be significantly enhanced from mid afternoon through early evening during the onset of strong to severe solar flares and geomagnetic storms then significantly degrading after initial enhancement. See K6MIO’s excellent article on 6 meter TEP, oblique-TEP, TEP-related and mid-latitude sporadic-E linking to TEP beginning on page 9 at: http://www.oh3ac.fi/QEX-2016-11.pdf

                      Sustained southward orientation (-Bz) of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) plays a crucial but unpredictable role in triggering all geomagnetic storms. Brief minor to moderate geomagnetic storms may be gradually triggered when the IMF is sustained in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas or more for at least a few hours coincident with the influence of a geoeffective coronal hole high speed stream or CME. More frequent, longer duration, minor to severe geomagnetic storms may be triggered suddenly and unpredictably when the IMF is sustained in a southward orientation (-Bz) with IMF field strength of about 5 nanoteslas or more for a period of several hours or more coincident with the influence of a geoeffective CME and solar wind speed of about 500 km/second or more.

                      Mid-latitude northern hemisphere sunrise is eight minutes earlier and sunset is five minutes later than it was on March 20th. Sunrise is about two hours earlier and sunset is about two hours later at the altitude of the refracting F2 region. Sunrise is about one hour earlier, and sunset is about one hour later at the altitude of the absorbing D region.

                      The EarthSky Sun News is published daily at
                      earthsky.org/sun/sun-news-activity-solar-flare-cme-aurora-updates

                      Northwest Research Associate’s Table of Space Weather Indices is updated 40 minutes after every hour at
                      https://spawx.nwra.com/spawx/env_latest.html

                      SILSO’s Estimated International Sunspot Number is updated frequently at www.sidc.be/silso/DATA/EISN/EISNcurrent.png

                      The Penticton 10.7 cm solar flux index is updated daily at 1700, 2100 and 2300Z at:
                      http://www.spaceweather.gc.ca/foreca...-5-flux-en.php

                      SWPC’s Estimated Planetary Kp Index is updated every three hours at https://services.swpc.noaa.gov/image...on-k-index.png

                      The UK Met Office EUHFORIA solar wind report and forecast is updated daily at https://swe.ssa.esa.int/DOCS/portal_...#1708014964422

                      The UK Met Office Solar Flare Forecast is updated daily at
                      https://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/ukmo-S109c-federated

                      The UK Met Office Solar Wind Forecast and CME Arrival Prediction is updated regularly at
                      https://swe.ssa.esa.int/metoffice-enlil-e-federated

                      N0NBH’s Current HF Band Conditions Report is updated regularly at
                      www.hamqsl.com/solar.html

                      KC2G’s Near-Real-Time Maps and Data about HF propagation are generated every 15 minutes, from near real time data usually only 5 to 20 minutes old at
                      https://prop.kc2g.com

                      SWPC’s Real Time 24 hour Geomagnetic Data including Bz orientation, IMF field strength, solar wind speed and near real time 30 minute forecasts are updated frequently at
                      http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/ge...-activity-plot

                      SIDC’s Daily Bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic Activity is updated daily at 1230Z at http://www.sidc.be/spaceweatherservi...uct/meu/latest

                      GFZ-Potsdam’s three-day GFZ Planetary K Index Forecast is updated every three hours at
                      https://spaceweather.gfz-potsdam.de/...ecast-kp-index

                      SWPC’s Solar Activity Forecast and Discussion is updated daily at 0030Z and 1230Z at
                      www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion

                      The Australian Space Forecast Centre’s Summary and Forecast is updated daily at 2330Z at
                      www.sws.bom.gov.au/Space_Weather/1/1

                      Perhaps the most useful HF propagation pages for DXers can be found at
                      http://dx.qsl.net/propagation and www.solarham.net
                      73 Al 4L5A

                      Comment

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